evolution by bergstrom and dugatkin pdf converter

Cartography: Tatiana Debroux & Christian Morgner, 2015. Sources: NYC Census blocks ( ) subway routes ( ) own digitalisation of PATH train lines ( ) New Jersey counties ( ). For those who stay in the city seeking a new district, but who have none available, there is a tendency to live a rather nomadic life. The decline is, rather, a slow process in which some people leave for elsewhere some might leave the city or even stop doing art altogether. Those declines, however, are not marked by a collective movement in which all the artists simply relocate. 3 This notion of decline and rise does not suggest that a death and rebirth model is working, but sim 18 What could be seen as the beginning of both Williamsburg and 798 is marked by the decline of other art districts – in these cases, the end of SoHo as an art district and the closure of the Central Academy of Fine Arts (CAFA) in central Beijing.These cases were analysed through a Grounded Theory approach, with the aim to advance our understanding of urban cultural evolution with regard to developing an approach beyond gentrification. This paper will compare the development of Williamsburg, New York City, and 798, Beijing. This build-up of complexity will be illustrated through stages through which art districts develop and the inherent logic which contributes to their decline, discussing each stage’s morphogenetic features, shedding light on the embedding of districts into urban centres and on urban change. The framework is based on the evolutionary concept of morphogenesis as the formation of increased social complexity. It will go beyond gentrifying approaches, which tend to focus on the decline of an art district or area but do not relate this transformation to the overall evolution of a city. This paper will develop a general framework for the cultural evolution of art districts based on empirical research from different global city-regions.

Evolution by bergstrom and dugatkin pdf converter